DET-250

DET-250(M2) is a tractor brand manufactured by the Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant. The abbreviation DET-250 means: "Diesel-Electric Tractor" traction class 250 kN. The first tractor in the USSR with an electric transmission. The first in the USSR energy-saturated industrial tractor. The tractor is designed to work with a bulldozer and a cultivator (in a single bulldozer-ripping unit). In addition, the tractor can carry the equipment of a pit drill, a crane-drilling machine (for installing reinforced concrete supports for power lines), and a trench excavator. An electric transmission consisting of a mixed excitation collector generator and an independent excitation collector motor provides good traction characteristics, high speed at low loads and simplifies the tractor control process. Tractor diesel, rotating traction generator - 12-cylinder V-shaped, model V-31M2 (development of the tank engine V-2), with a capacity of 323 horsepower. The tractor is also used on railways to work on recovery trains. It was first shown to the general public at a workers ’demonstration on May 1, 1957, passing through the streets of Chelyabinsk in a convoy of workers at ChTZ. It is the only tractor in the world (along with DET-320 and DET-400) with an electromechanical transmission. This is due to the fact that tractor manufacturers in the USA and Japan in the 1950s preferred hydromechanical transmission. At the same time, the use of a mechanical transmission for a 200 hp tractor and above it was deemed inappropriate. Therefore, it was necessary to use an electromechanical transmission on the tractor, which caused a number of tractor features: too much weight (31 tons versus 42 tons for a T-330 tractor of the same traction class, but with hydromechanical transmission), low efficiency, the need for a complex cooling system for electric machines. At the same time, when operating a tractor in cold climatic zones of Russia, an electromechanical transmission has advantages over a hydromechanica